BES 2010, the third wave of post-electoral research of an academic nature held in Brazil, was inserted in Module 3 (2006-2010) of the Comparative Study of Electoral Systems (CSES) of the University of Michigan, whose central concern was to analyze the scope of the electoral system from the perspective of voters regarding their choices, and the retrospective assessment of parties, candidates, and ideologies. The questions in this module intend to answer specifically how voters distinguish parties, and how contextual conditions increase the degree and convenience with which they can make these distinctions and their relative importance in different contexts. In addition to asking the common international module questions, the BES-2010 was attended by researchers and professors associated with research centers and universities in the country and abroad to formulate specific questions toward an understanding of Brazilian democracy, such as perceptions of the degree of democracy in the country and social mobility, the role of women in politics, the role of the State in the economy and in the development of social programs, as well as citizens’ degree of satisfaction with public services, the abidance of laws and social equality. Some results of the BES-2010 were published in the Public Opinion Journal, vol. 17, n. 2 (Nov. 2011).